• Macronutrients. Proteins. Essential amino acids, proteins of animal origin and of vegetable origin. Nutritional requirement. Lipids. Triglycerides, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, hydrogenated fatty acids, palm oil. Carbohydrates. Glycemic index and load of foods. Non-calorie sweeteners.
• Micronutrients. Water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins. Structure, classification, properties, biological role. Food sources. Recommended levels of intake.
• Macro elements: sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium. Microelements. Trace elements
• Water and the human body. Water balance.
•Foods. Food groups. Beverages.
• Free radicals. Oxidative stress and obesity. Food antioxidants. Supplements.
• Phytocompounds. Nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals and obesity.
• Bioenergetics and energy needs. Energy value of food. Calorimeter bomb.
• Coefficient of digestibility. Expenditure and energy needs of the organism.
• Nutritional protocols. Mediterranean diet, food pyramid. Vegetarian diet. Vegan diet.
• Microbiota and obesity
• Metabolic regulation of the diet and fasting cycle.
• Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Food evolution. Lactose intolerance. Celiac disease. DNA diet.