-Celestial sphere and its coordinate systems: locals, equatorial and ecliptic.
-Principal formulas of spherical trigonometry applied to the transformation of the celestial coordinates.
-Daily apparent motion of the celestial sphere; Kleperian motion, phenomena that alter the equatorial coordinates of the stars.
- The time, how to measure it; sidereal time, true time, mean time of the celestial bodies. Time passage, astronomical time and atomic one. The marine chronometer and its errors.
The nautical almanac, instruction to use.
-The use of azimut of the stars for determination of the deviation of the magnetic and gyroscopic compass
-The marine sextant, measures and adjustments of a sight. Measurement errors and their modeling.
-Polaris start to determine the observer latitude.
-LOP(Line Of Position) related to astronomical sight measurements; its representation on nautical charts.
-Linearization of the altitude circumference;
-Saint Hilaire: static LOP and running LOP.
-LOP and related errors, practical employment of single astronomical LOP.
-Estimation of position with astronomical observations (sight reduction), using two LOP, introduction to bisector track. Estimation with three and four astronomic LOP in running. Error analysis on the running fix.
- Graphical methods employed on the Mercator chart.
- Introduction to analytical methods.
- Optimizing the position by means of the least square method.
- Using the Star Finder to simulate twilight observations.